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Lab 5 - Request Routing and Canary Testing

In this lab, we are going to get our hands on some of the traffic management capabilities of Istio.

5.1 Configure the default route for all services to V1

As part of the bookinfo sample app, there are multiple versions of reviews service. When we load the /productpage in the browser multiple times we have seen the reviews service round robin between v1, v2 or v3. As the first exercise, let us first restrict traffic to just V1 of all the services.

Using Meshery, navigate to the designs page under configuration and import the below design. Make sure Istio adapter is running. Patternfile:

name: Lab5
services:
  vs:
    settings:
      hosts:
        - reviews
      http:
        - route:
            - destination:
                host: reviews
                subset: v1
    type: VirtualService.Istio
    name: vs
    namespace: default

---

To view the applied rule:

kubectl get virtualservice

To take a look at a specific one:

kubectl get virtualservice reviews -o yaml

Please note: In the place of the above command, we can either use kubectl or istioctl.

Now when we reload the /productpage several times, we will ONLY be viewing the data from v1 of all the services, which means we will not see any ratings (any stars).

5.3 Content-based routing

Let's replace our first rules with a new set. Enable the ratings service for a user jason by routing productpage traffic to reviews v2:

kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-reviews-test-v2.yaml

Using Meshery, navigate to the Istio management page:

Using Meshery, navigate to the designs page under configuration and import the below design. Make sure Istio adapter is running. Patternfile:

name: V2ForJason
services:
  vs:
    settings:
      hosts:
        - reviews
      http:
        - corsPolicy: {}
          match:
            - headers:
                end-user:
                  exact: jason
          route:
            - destination:
                host: reviews
                subset: v2
        - corsPolicy: {}
          route:
            - destination:
                host: reviews
                subset: v1
    type: VirtualService.Istio
    name: vs
    namespace: default
---

Manual step for can be found here

This will update the existing virtual service definition for reviews to route all traffic for user jason to review V2.

In a few, we should be able to verify the virtual service by using the command below:

kubectl get virtualservice reviews -o yaml

Now if we login as your jason, you will be able to see data from reviews v2. While if you NOT logged in or logged in as a different user, you will see data from reviews v1.

5.4 Canary Testing - Traffic Shifting

5.4.1 Canary testing w/50% load

To start canary testing, let's begin by transferring 50% of the traffic from reviews:v1 to reviews:v3 with the following command:

Using Meshery, navigate to the designs page under configuration and import the below design. Make sure Istio adapter is running. Patternfile:

name: CanaryV1V3
services:
  vs:
    settings:
      hosts:
      - reviews
      http:
      - route:
        - destination:
            host: reviews
            subset: v1
          weight: 50
        - destination:
            host: reviews
            subset: v3
          weight: 50
    type: VirtualService.Istio
    name: vs
    namespace: default

---

Manual step for can be found here

This will update the existing virtual service definition for reviews to route 50% of all traffic to review V3.

In a few, we should be able to verify the virtual service by using the command below:

kubectl get virtualservice reviews -o yaml

Now, if we reload the /productpage in your browser several times, you should now see red-colored star ratings approximately 50% of the time.

5.4.2 Shift 100% to v3

When version v3 of the reviews microservice is considered stable, we can route 100% of the traffic to reviews:v3:

Using Meshery, navigate to the designs page under configuration and import the below design. Make sure Istio adapter is running. Patternfile:

name: ShiftAllTrafficToV3
services:
  vs:
    settings:
      hosts:
      - reviews
      http:
      - route:
        - destination:
            host: reviews
            subset: v3
    type: VirtualService.Istio
    name: vs
    namespace: default

---
<small>Manual step for can be found [here](#appendix)</small>

This will update the existing virtual service definition for reviews to route 100% of all traffic to review V3.

In a few, we should be able to verify the virtual service by using the command below:

```sh
kubectl get virtualservice reviews -o yaml

Now, if we reload the /productpage in your browser several times, you should now see red-colored star ratings 100% of the time.

Continue to lab 6 - Fault Injection and Rate Limiting

Alternative, manual installation steps below. No need to execute, if you have performed the steps above.

Appendix - Manual Instructions

Default destination rules

Run the following command to create default destination rules for the Bookinfo services:

kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/destination-rule-all-mtls.yaml

Route all traffic to version V1 of all services

kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-all-v1.yaml

Route all traffic to version V2 of reviews for user Jason

kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-reviews-test-v2.yaml

Route 50% of traffic to version V3 of reviews service

kubectl apply -f  samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-reviews-50-v3.yaml

Route 100% of traffic to version V3 of reviews service

kubectl apply -f samples/bookinfo/networking/virtual-service-reviews-v3.yaml